Theory looks like A logical, deductive system of interconnected definitions, axioms, and laws A description of how group’s meaning system is generated and sustained A critique that reveals true conditions and helps people see the way to better world 6.

The Three Approaches to Research (2) POSITIVISM INTERPRETATIVE SOCIAL SCIENCE CRITICAL SOCIAL SCIENCE 5. Role of common sense Clearly distinct from and less valid than science Powerful everyday theorist used by ordinary people False beliefs that hide power and objective conditions Neuman, W Lawrence Social Research Methods Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches metode penelitian kualitatif daniel sparringa

Nature of human being Self-interested and rational individuals who are shaped by external forces Social beings who create meaning and who constantly make sense of their world Creative, adaptive people with unrealized potential, trapped by illusion and exploitation 4. Nature of social reality Stable preexisting patterns of order that can be discovered Fluid definitions of a situation created by human interaction Conflict filled and governed by hidden underlying structures 3.

Reason for research To discover natural laws so people can predict and control events To understand describe meaningful social action To smash myths and empower people to change society radically 2. The Three Approaches to Research (1) POSITIVISM INTERPRETATIVE SOCIAL SCIENCE CRITICAL SOCIAL SCIENCE 1.

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